Understanding of the Vortex Lattice Behavior Induced by Selective Removal of Atoms from a Bose-Einstein Condensate

TL;DR

This paper explains vortex lattice behaviors in a Bose-Einstein condensate with atom removal using a dual electromagnetic model, providing a theoretical framework for recent experimental observations of vortex dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a dual electromagnetic model to interpret vortex lattice phenomena in BECs subjected to selective atom removal, linking experimental results with theoretical understanding.

Findings

Vortex number increases with atom removal.

Formation of giant vortices observed.

Vortex oscillation and damping explained by the model.

Abstract

It is known that the quantized vortices in a superfluid can be described by a dual electromagnetic model through the duality transformation. Recently a new technique, which can selectively remove atoms from a Bose-Einstein condensate, was applied to the vortex lattice state of the rapid rotating Boson gases. The increase of vortex number, dynamical formation of giant vortex, the oscillation and damping of vortex motion were observed in these experiments. In this paper we will discuss these observations in the framework of dual description and show how to understood these observations naturally.