Charge Fluctuations for a Coulomb Fluid in a Disk on a Pseudosphere

TL;DR

This paper studies charge fluctuations in a classical Coulomb fluid on a pseudosphere, deriving universal macroscopic results for charge variance and correlations, validated by microscopic models in a zero-thickness limit.

Contribution

It provides the first derivation of universal charge fluctuation properties for Coulomb fluids on pseudospherical surfaces, linking macroscopic and microscopic models.

Findings

Charge variance and correlation functions are universal near the boundary.

Macroscopic results match microscopic models in the zero-thickness limit.

The study extends Coulomb fluid theory to negatively curved surfaces.

Abstract

The classical (i.e. non-quantum) equilibrium statistical mechanics of a Coulomb fluid living on a pseudosphere (an infinite surface of constant negative curvature) is considered. The Coulomb fluid occupies a large disk communicating with a reservoir (grand-canonical ensemble). The total charge $Q$ on the disk fluctuates. In a macroscopic description, the charge correlations near the boundary circle can be described as correlations of a surface charge density $\sigma$. In a macroscopic approach, the variance of $Q$ and the correlation function of $\sigma$ are computed; they are universal. These macroscopic results are shown to be valid for two solvable microscopic models, in the limit when the microscopic thickness of the surface charge density goes to zero.