Condensation and Evaporation of Mutually Repelling Particles :Steady states and limit cycles

TL;DR

This paper investigates the dynamic behavior of mutually repelling particles undergoing condensation and evaporation on a lattice, revealing oscillatory limit cycles and initial condition dependence.

Contribution

It introduces a simple lattice model to analyze condensation and evaporation of repelling particles, highlighting differences between mobile and immobile surface layers.

Findings

High temperature and low pressure induce limit cycles with oscillating coverage.

Immobile layers show initial coverage dependence.

Oscillations occur without reaching steady states.

Abstract

We study condensation and evaporation of particles which repel each other, using a simple set of rules on a square lattice. Different results are obtained for a mobile and an immobile surface layer.A two point limit cycle is observed for high temperature and low pressure in both cases. Here the coverage oscillates between a high and a low value without ever reaching a steady state. The results for the immobile case depend in addition on the initial coverage.