Microscopic mechanisms of dephasing due to electron-electron interactions

TL;DR

This paper introduces a non-perturbative numerical method to investigate how electron-electron interactions cause dephasing in quantum transport through an Aharonov-Bohm ring, revealing multiple microscopic mechanisms.

Contribution

The authors develop a novel numerical approach to analyze dephasing mechanisms in strongly interacting electron systems within a non-trivial quantum model.

Findings

Electron-electron interactions cause significant dephasing even at low interaction strengths.

Two energy-conserving dephasing mechanisms identified: symmetry-changing and spin-flip scattering.

Transmission can occur via elastic or inelastic channels, influenced by the many-electron state.

Abstract

We develop a non-perturbative numerical method to study tunneling of a single electron through an Aharonov-Bohm ring where several strongly interacting electrons are bound. Inelastic processes and spin-flip scattering are taken into account. The method is applied to study microscopic mechanisms of dephasing in a non-trivial model. We show that electron-electron interactions described by the Hubbard Hamiltonian lead to strong dephasing: the transmission probability at flux $\Phi=\pi$ is high even at small interaction strength. In addition to inelastic scattering, we identify two energy conserving mechanisms of dephasing: symmetry-changing and spin-flip scattering. The many-electron state on the ring determines which of these mechanisms will be at play: transmitted current can occur either in elastic or inelastic channels, with or without changing the spin of the scattering electron.