Nonlocal mixing of supercurrents in Josephson ballistic point contact

TL;DR

This paper investigates how supercurrents in a mesoscopic Josephson junction are influenced by phase difference and superfluid velocity, revealing vortex-like states near phase difference pi.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of nonlocal effects on Josephson currents under combined phase difference and superfluid velocity conditions.

Findings

Josephson current-phase relation is affected by external transport current

Vortex-like states appear near phase difference pi

Nonlocal effects lead to unique current distributions

Abstract

We study coherent current states in the mesoscopic superconducting weak link simultaneously subjected to the order parameter phase difference on the contact and to the tangential to the junction interface superfluid velocity in the banks. The Josephson current-phase relation controlled by the external transport current is obtained. At phase difference close to pi the nonlocal nature of the Josephson phase-dependent current results in the appearance of two vortexlike states in the vicinity of the contact.