Defect-Suppressed Atomic Crystals in an Optical Lattice

TL;DR

This paper introduces a coherent filtering method to create defect-free atomic crystals in optical lattices, enabling precise control of atom number per site for quantum computing and condensed matter simulations.

Contribution

The authors develop a scheme combining adiabatic passage and superlattices to engineer specific atom number states and measure spatial correlations in optical lattices.

Findings

Significantly reduces site occupation defects in optical lattices.

Enables creation of atomic crystals with desired atom numbers per site.

Provides a method to study BCS states with controlled filling factors.

Abstract

We present a coherent filtering scheme which dramatically reduces the site occupation number defects for atoms in an optical lattice, by transferring a chosen number of atoms to a different internal state via adiabatic passage. With the addition of superlattices it is possible to engineer states with a specific number of atoms per site (atomic crystals), which are required for quantum computation and the realisation of models from condensed matter physics, including doping and spatial patterns. The same techniques can be used to measure two-body spatial correlation functions. We illustrate these ideas with a scheme to study the creation of a BCS state with a chosen filling factor from a degenerate Fermi gas in an optical lattice.