Ferroelectric Nanotubes

TL;DR

This paper reports the independent development of ferroelectric nanotubes using various materials and deposition techniques, demonstrating their ferroelectric properties and potential applications in electronics and photonics.

Contribution

It presents the first independent invention of ferroelectric nanotubes with multiple materials and fabrication methods, expanding the scope of ferroelectric nanostructures.

Findings

Successful fabrication of ferroelectric nanotubes from PZT, BaTiO3, and SBT.

Demonstrated ferroelectric hysteresis and optical nonlinearity.

Studied ferroelectric pores as small as 20 nm in diameter.

Abstract

We report the independent invention of ferroelectric nanotubes from groups in several countries. Devices have been made with three different materials: lead zirconate-titanate PbZr1-xTixO3 (PZT); barium titanate BaTiO3; and strontium bismuth tantalate SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT). Several different deposition techniques have been used successfully, including misted CSD (chemical solution deposition) and pore wetting. Ferroelectric hysteresis and high optical nonlinearity have been demonstrated. The structures are analyzed via SEM, TEM, XRD, AFM (piezo-mode), and SHG. Applications to trenching in Si dynamic random access memories, ink-jet printers, and photonic devices are discussed. Ferroelectric filled pores as small as 20 nm in diameter have been studied.