Momentum spectroscopy of 1D phase fluctuations in Bose-Einstein condensates
S. Richard, F. Gerbier, J. H. Thywissen, M. Hugbart, P. Bouyer, A., Aspect
TL;DR
This paper uses Bragg spectroscopy to measure the axial momentum distribution in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates, confirming theoretical predictions about phase fluctuations and condensate length.
Contribution
It provides the first quantitative test of quasi-condensate theory by analyzing the temperature dependence of phase fluctuations in 1D Bose-Einstein condensates.
Findings
Lorentzian momentum distribution characteristic of 1D phase fluctuations
Temperature dependence matches quasi-condensate theory
Condensate length remains consistent despite large phase fluctuations
Abstract
We measure the axial momentum distribution of Bose-Einstein condensates with an aspect ratio of 152 using Bragg spectroscopy. We observe the Lorentzian momentum distribution characteristic of one-dimensional phase fluctuations. The temperature dependence of the width of this distribution provides a quantitative test of quasi-condensate theory. In addition, we observe a condensate length consistent with the absence of density fluctuations, even when phase fluctuations are large.
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