Roton-maxon spectrum and stability of trapped dipolar condensates

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that pancake-shaped dipolar condensates can display a roton-maxon excitation spectrum similar to superfluid helium, with tunable stability conditions via density and confinement adjustments, enabling control over superfluid properties.

Contribution

It reveals the presence of a roton-maxon spectrum in dipolar condensates and provides a tunable stability criterion, advancing understanding of superfluid behavior in these systems.

Findings

Pancake dipolar condensates exhibit roton-maxon spectra.

Stability conditions depend on density and confinement.

Spectrum and stability are tunable.

Abstract

We find that pancake dipolar condensates can exhibit a roton-maxon character of the excitation spectrum, so far only observed in superfluid helium. We also obtain a condition for the dynamical stability of these condensates. The spectrum and the border of instability are tunable by varying the particle density and/or the confining potential. This opens wide possibilities for manipulating the superfluid properties of dipolar condensates.