Coreless vortex formation in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the creation of coreless vortices in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate by manipulating the magnetic field, resulting in a unique spin texture with separated spin components.

Contribution

It presents a novel method of phase-imprinting vortices in a multicomponent condensate through magnetic field manipulation, revealing new spin textures.

Findings

Successfully imprinted coreless vortices in a spinor BEC.

Created distinct spin textures with radial separation.

Demonstrated control over spin component phases.

Abstract

Coreless vortices were phase-imprinted in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. The three-component order parameter of F=1 sodium condensates held in a Ioffe-Pritchard magnetic trap was manipulated by adiabatically reducing the magnetic bias field along the trap axis to zero. This distributed the condensate population across its three spin states and created a spin texture. Each spin state acquired a different phase winding which caused the spin components to separate radially.