Soliton-sound interactions in quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates how dark solitons in quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates emit and reabsorb sound during oscillations, revealing how trap parameters influence these interactions and proposing an experiment to observe sound emission effects.

Contribution

It provides a quantitative analysis of soliton-sound interactions in BECs, highlighting the role of trap depth and proposing an experimental detection method.

Findings

Power radiated is proportional to soliton acceleration squared.

Dimple trap depth controls sound emission and reabsorption.

Proposed experiment to detect sound emission via oscillation changes.

Abstract

Longitudinal confinement of dark solitons in quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates leads to sound emission and reabsorption. We perform quantitative studies of the dynamics of a soliton oscillating in a tight dimple trap, embedded in a weaker harmonic trap. The dimple depth provides a sensitive handle to control the soliton-sound interaction. In the limit of no reabsorption, the power radiated is found to be proportional to the soliton acceleration squared. An experiment is proposed to detect sound emission as a change in amplitude and frequency of soliton oscillations.