Skyrmion Excitation in Two-Dimensional Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate

TL;DR

This paper investigates the properties and stability of skyrmion excitations in two-dimensional spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing their inherent instability and decay characteristics.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of skyrmion energy, decay processes, and interactions, offering new insights into their dynamics in spinor BECs.

Findings

Skyrmions are always energetically unstable in this system.

Decay rate decreases with higher winding numbers.

Skyrmion energy depends on size and position.

Abstract

We study the properties of coreless vortices(skyrmion) in spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. We find that this excitation is always energetically unstable, it always decays to an uniform spin texture. We obtain the skyrmion energy as a function of its size and position, a key quantity in understanding the decay process. We also point out that the decay rate of a skyrmion with high winding number will be slower. The interaction between skyrmions and other excitation modes are also discussed.