Crowd behaves as excitable media during Mexican wave

TL;DR

This paper models the Mexican wave as an excitable media phenomenon using statistical physics, providing insights into crowd dynamics and potential control methods during large events.

Contribution

It introduces a novel application of excitable media models to human crowd behavior, specifically the Mexican wave, bridging physics and social dynamics.

Findings

Mexican wave can be quantitatively modeled as excitable media.

Reactions to triggers can be simulated to understand crowd behavior.

Modeling offers potential control strategies for crowd management.

Abstract

Mexican wave, or La Ola, first widely broadcasted during the 1986 World Cup held in Mexico, is a human wave moving along the stands of stadiums as one section of spectators stands up, arms lifting, then sits down as the next section does the same. Here we use variants of models originally developed for the description of excitable media to demonstrate that this collective human behaviour can be quantitatively interpreted by methods of statistical physics. Adequate modelling of reactions to triggering attempts provides a deeper insight into the mechanisms by which a crowd can be stimulated to execute a particular pattern of behaviour and represents a possible tool of control during events involving excited groups of people.