Current in narrow channels of anisotropic superconductors

TL;DR

This paper analyzes how persistent currents in narrow channels of anisotropic superconductors induce a transverse phase difference, depending on anisotropy, current direction, and channel dimensions, with an experimental setup proposed.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical framework for the transverse phase difference caused by persistent currents in anisotropic superconductor channels and proposes an experimental measurement method.

Findings

Transverse phase difference is proportional to current and depends on anisotropy.

The phase difference varies with current direction relative to crystal axes.

An experimental setup to measure the transverse phase difference is proposed.

Abstract

We argue that in channels cut out of anisotropic single crystal superconductors and narrow on the scale of London penetration depth, the persistent current must cause the transverse phase difference provided the current does not point in any of the principal crystal directions. The difference is proportional to the current value and depends on the anisotropy parameter, on the current direction relative to the crystal, and on the transverse channel dimension. An experimental set up to measure the transverse phase is proposed.