Competition between rotation and turbulence in superfluid He$^4$

TL;DR

This paper investigates the interplay between rotation and turbulence in superfluid helium-4 using numerical simulations, revealing a new polarized turbulence state and exploring flow regime transitions.

Contribution

It introduces a numerical study of rotating counterflow in superfluid helium-4, identifying a novel polarized turbulence state and analyzing flow instabilities.

Findings

Evidence of a new polarized turbulence state

Identification of flow regimes separated by instabilities

Numerical validation of vortex filament model in rotating counterflow

Abstract

Two types of vortex states have been much studied in superfluid $^4$He. The first is the vortex array in a rotating container. The second is the vortex tangle in turbulent flow. An experiment attempt to combine these two states by rotating a counterflow was attempted years ago. The data suggest the existence of different flow regimes separated by instabilities, but a theoretical interpretation is still missing. We present work in which we use the vortex filament model to numerically investigate rotating counterflow. We show evidence of a new state of polarized turbulence.