Formation of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate and an entangled atomic gas by Feshbach resonance

TL;DR

This paper investigates how Feshbach resonance can be used to efficiently create long-lived molecular Bose-Einstein condensates and entangled atomic gases, with potential applications in quantum technologies.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis including non-mean-field effects and inelastic collisions, demonstrating optimal conditions for high conversion efficiency and entanglement.

Findings

Up to 80% atomic-to-molecular conversion efficiency.

Molecular condensates with lifetimes exceeding 10 ms.

Formation of entangled atoms in two-mode squeezed states with 30 dB noise reduction.

Abstract

Processes of association in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, and dissociation of the resulting molecular condensate, due to Feshbach resonance in a time-dependent magnetic field, are analyzed incorporating non-mean-field quantum corrections and inelastic collisions. Calculations for the Na atomic condensate demonstrate that there exist optimal conditions under which about 80% of the atomic population can be converted to a relatively long-lived molecular condensate (with lifetimes of 10 ms and more). Entangled atoms in two-mode squeezed states (with noise reduction of about 30 dB) may also be formed by molecular dissociation. A gas of atoms in squeezed or entangled states can have applications in quantum computing, communications, and measurements.