Dynamics of collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein condensed vortex state

TL;DR

This paper investigates the collapse and explosion dynamics of small vortex Bose-Einstein condensates of ^{85}Rb atoms under attractive interactions, revealing long-lived remnants and comparing with zero angular momentum cases.

Contribution

It provides a detailed theoretical analysis of vortex BEC collapse dynamics using the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, including comparisons with non-vortex cases and experimental suggestions.

Findings

Vortex states exhibit collapse and explosion behavior similar to non-vortex states.

Remnant condensates with fewer atoms can survive for extended periods.

The study offers insights for future experimental investigations of vortex BEC dynamics.

Abstract

Using the time-dependent mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation we study the dynamics of small repulsive Bose-Einstein condensed vortex states of ^{85}Rb atoms in a cylindrical trap with low angular momentum hbar L per atom (L <= 6), when the atomic interaction is suddenly turned attractive by manipulating the external magnetic field near a Feshbach resonance. Consequently, the condensate collapses and ejects atoms via explosion and a remnant condensate with a smaller number of atoms emerges that survives for a long time. Detail of this collapse and explosion is compared critically with a similar experiment performed with zero angular momentum (L=0). Suggestion for future experiment with vortex state is made.