Crossover from one to three dimensions for a gas of hard-core bosons

TL;DR

This paper presents a variational theory describing the transition of ultra-cold Bose gases from one-dimensional to three-dimensional behavior in thin waveguides, highlighting the conditions for fermionization in the 1D regime.

Contribution

It introduces a variational approach to model the dimensional crossover in ultra-cold Bose gases, including the mapping of fermionization conditions within the 1D regime.

Findings

Identifies parameter space for fermionization in 1D regime.

Describes the crossover from 1D to 3D behavior.

Provides theoretical framework for ultra-cold Bose gases in waveguides.

Abstract

We develop a variational theory of the crossover from the one-dimensional (1D) regime to the 3D regime for ultra-cold Bose gases in thin waveguides. Within the 1D regime we map out the parameter space for fermionization, which may span the full 1D regime for suitable transverse confinement.