Mermin-Ho vortex in ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
T. Mizushima, K. Machida, and T. Kita
TL;DR
This paper demonstrates the thermodynamic stability of Mermin-Ho and Anderson-Toulouse coreless vortices in ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, establishing their phase diagram and stability through energy comparisons and collective mode analysis.
Contribution
It provides the first detailed phase diagram and stability analysis of coreless vortices in ferromagnetic spinor BECs, highlighting their thermodynamic stability.
Findings
Coreless vortices are thermodynamically stable in ferromagnetic spinor BECs.
A phase diagram of vortex stability is established based on rotation and magnetization.
Collective mode analysis confirms the stability of these vortices.
Abstract
The Mermin-Ho and Anderson-Toulouse coreless non-singular vortices are demonstrated to be thermodynamically stable in ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates with the hyperfine state F=1. The phase diagram is established in a plane of the rotation drive vs the total magnetization by comparing the energies for other competing non-axis-symmetric or singular vortices. Their stability is also checked by evaluating collective modes.
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