The Distance of the Virgo Cluster
G.A. Tammann (Astr. Inst., Univ. Basel), A. Sandage (Obs. Carnegie, Inst. Washington), B. Reindl (Astr. Inst., Univ. Basel)

TL;DR
This paper determines the distance to the Virgo Cluster using six methods, resulting in a mean distance modulus of 31.60, and derives a Hubble constant of 56 km/s/Mpc from multiple clusters.
Contribution
It provides a precise distance measurement to the Virgo Cluster and a Hubble constant estimate independent of local streaming motions.
Findings
Virgo Cluster distance modulus: 31.60 +/- 0.09
Hubble constant: 56 +/- 4 km/s/Mpc
Distance estimates consistent across multiple methods
Abstract
Six different distance determination methods of Virgo cluster members yield a mean distance modulus of (m-M)^0(Virgo) = 31.60 +/- 0.09 (20.9 +/- 0.9 Mpc). This value can be carried out to > 10,000 km/s by means of 31 clusters whose distances are well known relative to the Virgo cluster. They yield H_0 = 56 +/- 4 (random error) +/- 6 (systematic error), independent of local streaming motions.
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Taxonomy
TopicsCosmology and Gravitation Theories · Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis
