The CORALS Survey II: Clues to Galaxy Clustering Around QSOs from z_abs ~ z_em Damped Lyman Alpha Systems

TL;DR

This study investigates galaxy clustering around quasars by analyzing damped Lyman alpha systems near quasar redshifts, finding an excess of galaxies near radio-loud QSOs, suggesting they reside in richer environments.

Contribution

First measurement of galaxy clustering around radio-loud QSOs using z_abs ~ z_em DLAs, indicating a potential environmental difference from radio-quiet QSOs.

Findings

n(z) of z_abs ~ z_em DLAs is ~4 times higher than intervening DLAs

Radio-loud QSOs are likely in richer galaxy environments

Limited by small sample size, results are at approximately 2 sigma significance

Abstract

We present a list of z_abs ~ z_em (Delta v < 3000 km/s) DLAs discovered during the CORALS survey for absorbers in a radio-selected QSO sample. On the assumption that z_abs ~ z_em DLAs are neither ejecta from the QSO, nor part of the host galaxy itself, we use the number density statistics of these DLAs to investigate galaxy clustering near the QSO redshift. We find that n(z) of z_abs \~z_em DLAs in our radio-selected QSO sample is ~4 times larger than the number density of intervening DLAs, implying an excess of galaxies near the QSO. This result is further supported with the inclusion of the radio-loud QSOs in the FIRST survey, although the total number of DLAs is still small (4) and the result is currently only significant at approximately the 2 sigma level. Since all of the z_abs ~ z_em DLAs we identify in CORALS are found towards optically bright (B < 20) QSOs, there is no strong evidence (based on these limited statistics) that this population suffers from a severe dust bias. We compare our results with those from an optically-selected, radio-quiet QSO sample in order to determine whether there is evidence for an excess of galaxies around radio-loud versus radio-quiet QSOs. We find that the n(z) of z_abs ~ z_em DLAs towards radio-quiet QSOs is in agreement with the number density of intervening absorbers. This result, although currently limited by the small number statistics of our survey, supports the conclusion that radio-loud quasars are found preferentially in rich galaxy environments at high redshift. Finally, we report that one of the new z_abs ~ z_em DLAs discovered by CORALS has some residual flux in the base of the Lya trough which may be due to Lya emission, either from star formation in the DLA galaxy or from gas photoionised by the QSO.