Spatiotemporal fragmentation as a mechanism for different dynamical modes of behaviour in the solar convection zone

TL;DR

This paper proposes that spatiotemporal fragmentation, arising from nonlinear dynamical interactions in the solar convection zone, explains the different observed dynamical regimes at various depths without invoking separate mechanisms.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of spatiotemporal fragmentation as a unified explanation for diverse solar dynamical behaviors using a nonlinear dynamo model.

Findings

Evidence of spatiotemporal fragmentation in the model

Different dynamical regimes at various depths explained

Nonlinear interactions suffice to produce observed behaviors

Abstract

Recent analyses of the helioseismic observations indicate that the previously observed surface torsional oscillations with periods of about 11 years extend significantly downwards into the solar convective zone. Furthermore, there are indications that the dynamical regimes at the base of the convection zone are different from those observed at the top, having either significantly shorter periods or non-periodic behaviour. We propose that this behaviour can be explained by the occurrence of {\it spatiotemporal fragmentation}, a crucial feature of which is that such behaviour can be explained solely through nonlinear spatiotemporal dynamics, without requiring separate mechanisms with different time scales at different depths. We find evidence for this mechanism in the context of a two dimensional axisymmetric mean field dynamo model operating in a spherical shell, with a semi-open outer boundary condition, in which the only nonlinearity is the action of the azimuthal component of the Lorentz force of the dynamo generated magnetic field on the solar angular velocity.