# Food Choice Architecture: An Intervention in a Secondary School and its Impact on Students’ Plant-based Food Choices

## TL;DR

This study shows that small changes in a school canteen can encourage students to choose more plant-based foods.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates the effectiveness of choice architecture in promoting healthier food choices among adolescents in a real-world school setting.

## Key findings

- Students' selection of plant-based foods increased significantly during the intervention period.
- The effect of the intervention persisted into the post-intervention period.
- Logistic regression showed students were 2.5 times more likely to choose designated plant-based items during the intervention.

## Abstract

With growing evidence for the positive health outcomes associated with a plant-based diet, the study’s purpose was to examine the potential of shifting adolescents’ food choices towards plant-based foods. Using a real world setting of a school canteen, a set of small changes to the choice architecture was designed and deployed in a secondary school in Yorkshire, England. Focussing on designated food items (whole fruit, fruit salad, vegetarian daily specials, and sandwiches containing salad) the changes were implemented for six weeks. Data collected on students’ food choice (218,796 transactions) enabled students’ (980 students) selections to be examined. Students’ food choice was compared for three periods: baseline (29 weeks); intervention (six weeks); and post-intervention (three weeks). Selection of designated food items significantly increased during the intervention and post-intervention periods, compared to baseline (baseline, 1.4%; intervention 3.0%; post-intervention, 2.2%) χ2(2) = 68.1, p < 0.001. Logistic regression modelling also revealed the independent effect of the intervention, with students 2.5 times as likely (p < 0.001) to select the designated food items during the intervention period, compared to baseline. The study’s results point to the influence of choice architecture within secondary school settings, and its potential role in improving adolescents’ daily food choices.