# Workplace spirituality as a predictor of nursing self-efficacy and job embeddedness

## TL;DR

This study explores how workplace spirituality affects nursing self-efficacy and job embeddedness in Egypt, finding that it has a stronger impact on job embeddedness than self-efficacy.

## Contribution

The study identifies workplace spirituality as a significant predictor of job embeddedness among Egyptian nurses, with partial mediation through self-efficacy.

## Key findings

- Workplace spirituality strongly predicts job embeddedness (β = 0.365, 13.3% variance).
- Self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between workplace spirituality and job embeddedness.
- Years of experience are the strongest predictor of self-efficacy (27.6% variance).

## Abstract

Egypt’s healthcare system faces significant challenges for the nursing workforce, including high turnover rates and job dissatisfaction. Understanding the factors that enhance nurse retention and self-efficacy is crucial for improving healthcare delivery in the Egyptian context, where workplace spirituality may play a significant role, given cultural and religious values.

This study examined the relationships between workplace spirituality, self-efficacy, and job embeddedness among nurses and investigated whether self-efficacy mediates the relationships among these factors.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2025 with 305 nurses employed at the Oncology Center of Mansoura University Hospitals. Data were collected using the workplace spirituality scale, self-efficacy scale, and job embeddedness scale. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation, multiple regression, hierarchical regression, and path analysis using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0.

Correlation analyses revealed the strongest relationship between workplace spirituality and job embedding (r = 0.365), moderate correlations between self-efficacy and job embeddedness (r = 0.250), and weak associations between workplace spirituality and self-efficacy (r = 0.166). Regression analyses confirmed workplace spirituality was a significant predictor of outcomes with different effect sizes. While workplace spirituality weakly predicted self-efficacy (β = 0.166, 2.8% variance), it strongly predicted job embeddedness (β = 0.365, 13.3% variance). Years of experience dominated the self-efficacy prediction (27.6% variance). Path analysis revealed self-efficacy as a partial mediator, although the mediation effect was modest (indirect effect = 0.032) compared to the direct effect (0.270).

Workplace spirituality significantly predicted nursing self-efficacy and job embeddedness with more potent effects on job embeddedness. Self-efficacy partially mediates this relationship; however, workplace spirituality influences job embeddedness primarily through direct pathways, suggesting that multiple mechanisms enhance nurses’ retention and organizational attachment in nursing environments.

Not applicable.