# Retrograde Intrarenal Renal Surgery versus Supine Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy in Treatment of Renal Pelvic Stones Less than 2 cm, Randomized Clinical Study

## TL;DR

This study compares two kidney stone treatments—RIRS and mini-PCNL—for stones under 2 cm, finding both effective but with different advantages.

## Contribution

The study provides a direct comparison of RIRS and supine mini-PCNL for small renal stones in a randomized clinical trial.

## Key findings

- Supine mini-PCNL had shorter operative time but longer hospital stay compared to RIRS.
- RIRS reduced radiation exposure and hospitalization but required more stenting and secondary procedures.
- Both treatments showed comparable stone-free rates and complication rates.

## Abstract

Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is the first-line treatment for kidney stones between 1 and 2 cm and can serve as an alternative to percutaneous nephrolithotomy for larger stones in high-risk patients, including those with bleeding disorders, obesity, renal congenital abnormalities, or solitary kidneys. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of supine mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) versus RIRS for the treatment of renal pelvic stones less than 2 cm.

This prospective, randomized, double-blinded study included 50 patients aged >18 years, of both sexes, with renal stones <2 cm. Patients were randomized into 2 equal groups: Group A underwent supine mini-PCNL, while Group B underwent RIRS. Stone and patient characteristics, SFR, and perioperative events were compared between groups.

A total of 50 patients equally distributed into the 2 groups. Operative time was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B (P < .05), while fluoroscopic time was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B (P < .05). Also, hospital stay was significantly longer in Group A compared to Group B (P < .001). SFR and retreatments were comparable between both groups. Complications were also similar, with no significant differences observed.

Supine mini-PCNL remains an effective option for achieving high stone clearance with a shorter operative time while avoiding ureteral access manipulation, while RIRS provides advantages such as reduced radiation exposure, shorter hospitalization but with a higher need for stenting and secondary procedures. Supine mini-PCNL is not inferior to RIRS in the treatment of less than 2 cm renal stones.