# The Overlooked Impact of Botanical Pesticides on Non-Target Organisms

## TL;DR

This review highlights the need for more research on how botanical pesticides affect non-target organisms and explores new methods like nanotechnology to improve their use in sustainable agriculture.

## Contribution

The paper emphasizes the overlooked ecotoxicological impact of botanical pesticides and introduces nanotechnology as a novel enhancement strategy.

## Key findings

- There is a significant lack of studies on the effects of botanical pesticides on non-target organisms.
- Research on nanoformulations of botanical pesticides is increasing.
- Nanotechnology is being explored as a major innovation in pest control.

## Abstract

To better understand how botanical products affect non-target organisms, the present review focuses on the toxicity of botanical pesticides to organisms other than targeted pests, to trace a panorama on the future of sustainable agricultural models worldwide, considering the importance of ecotoxicological studies in the development of new pesticides, including botanical kinds, which are commonly recognized as essentially harmless. The review summarizes published work gathered from digital databases and highlights modern trends in pest management research and the development of novel bioinputs, including a discussion of the world’s current legislation regarding relevant agricultural innovations and field obstacles. Nanotechnology techniques are discussed as major innovations employed in the pest control field, and their employment in improving botanical pesticides is addressed and explored. In this work, we analyze the factors involved in determining the success of botanical products and their importance in the implementation of a more sustainable approach to managing crops. The results indicate a significant lack of studies focused on the effects of botanical products on non-target organisms and an increase in studies with nanoformulations.