# Prevalence and Predictors of Musculoskeletal Pain in Recreational Resistance Trainers: Associations with Age, Gender, and Training History

## TL;DR

This study examines musculoskeletal pain in weightlifters in Kuwait, finding that older individuals and those with longer training histories are more likely to experience pain, especially in the lower back and shoulders.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into musculoskeletal pain patterns among recreational weightlifters in Kuwait, identifying age and training duration as key predictors of low back pain.

## Key findings

- Musculoskeletal pain is highly prevalent in recreational resistance trainers, especially in the lower back and shoulders.
- Older participants and those with longer training histories report more musculoskeletal pain.
- Female gender is associated with higher odds of reporting musculoskeletal pain symptoms.

## Abstract

Recreational weightlifting has become increasingly popular in Kuwait, yet limited data exist regarding musculoskeletal pain (MSP) associated with it. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and anatomical distribution of MSP among recreational resistance trainers (RRTs) in Kuwait and to examine pain patterns according to gender, age, and training history. A total of 642 RRTs (304 males and 341 females) who practiced resistance training for at least 6 months 2 times a week were surveyed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) through face-to-face interviews. MSP prevalence over the previous 12 months was analyzed by anatomical region, and binary logistic regression was applied to investigate predictors of low back pain (LBP). The results indicated a high prevalence of MSP, particularly in the lower back and shoulders, with increased reports among older participants and those with longer training histories. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age and years of practice were significant predictors of LBP, while female gender was associated with higher odds of reporting symptoms. These findings highlight the substantial burden of MSP among RRTs in Kuwait and underscore the importance of targeted preventive strategies, including training supervision, technique optimization, and age-specific interventions, to reduce injury risk and promote long-term musculoskeletal health.