# Synergistic Antibacterial and Pro-Healing Effects of a Novel Eugenol/Nano-Haliotidis Concha Electrospun Membrane for Vibrio vulnificus-Infected Wound

## TL;DR

A new eugenol and nano-Haliotidis Concha membrane was developed to effectively treat wounds infected with Vibrio vulnificus by promoting healing and killing bacteria.

## Contribution

A novel electrospun membrane combining nano-HC and eugenol for synergistic antibacterial and pro-healing effects in V. vulnificus-infected wounds.

## Key findings

- Nano-HC membranes achieved 96.2% inhibition of V. vulnificus, outperforming micron-HC membranes.
- Nano-HC/Eu membranes showed high flexibility and biocompatibility, with over 85% fibroblast cell viability.
- In infected wound models, the membrane achieved 94.7% wound closure after 15 days.

## Abstract

Wounds caused by Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus) infection often exhibit delayed healing and are prone to complications, making them a significant challenge in clinical treatment. Current conventional treatments, such as antibiotics and gauze dressings, have limited effectiveness. To address this, this study developed a multifunctional fiber membrane using electrospinning technology. Micron- or nano-sized Haliotidis Concha (HC) and eugenol (Eu) were loaded onto the membrane to promote healing in V. vulnificus-infected wounds. The prepared fiber membranes exhibited diameters of approximately 0.35 ± 0.01 μm. Membranes loaded with nano-HC demonstrated significant antibacterial efficacy, achieving a 96.2% inhibition rate against V. vulnificus, which was markedly superior to the micron-HC group (p < 0.05). Notably, the nano-HC/Eu membranes exhibited exceptionally high flexibility with an elongation at break of 878.1 ± 35.3%, while maintaining a tensile strength of approximately 2.2 MPa. Furthermore, these membranes exhibited excellent biocompatibility, with cell viability exceeding 85% for fibroblasts, and demonstrated good hemocompatibility. They also effectively promoted cell migration, indicating their potential as wound scaffold materials. In a V. vulnificus-infected skin wound model, the nano-HC/Eu fiber membrane accelerated collagen deposition and promoted wound healing, achieving a wound closure rate of 94.7 ± 1.1% on day 15. In summary, this study developed a multifunctional fiber membrane with antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound healing properties, offering a novel dressing for treating V. vulnificus infections.