# How Do Culturally and Racially Marginalised (CaRM) Populations in Australia Cope with the Mental Health Impacts from “New Racism”? A Qualitative Descriptive Study

## TL;DR

This study explores how culturally and racially marginalised people in Australia cope with mental health challenges from subtle racism, highlighting resilience and the need for culturally responsive care.

## Contribution

The study introduces a person-centred, strength-based framework to understand coping strategies among CaRM populations facing new racism.

## Key findings

- Four key coping strategies were identified: acceptance of identity traits, emotional ventilation in safe spaces, self-growth through reflection, and assertive responses to racism.
- Participants demonstrated resilience and resourcefulness, challenging deficit-based assumptions in existing literature.
- Culturally responsive mental healthcare, including peer support and safe spaces, is highlighted as essential for effective support.

## Abstract

Background: Australia’s increasingly multicultural landscape has seen a rise in culturally and linguistically diverse populations, many of whom face subtle and systemic forms of discrimination known as “new racism”. Objective: Underpinned by a person-centred and holistic framework, which recognises individuals as experts in their own lived experiences and emphasises strength-based, culturally situated understandings of well-being, this paper reports on a study that explores how culturally and racially marginalised diverse people in Australia cope with the mental health impacts of new racism. Design: A qualitative descriptive approach was employed in this study. Participants: Thirty participants from ten culturally and linguistically diverse communities participated in eight focus groups, providing rich insights into their lived experiences. Methods: Data were collected through semi-structured focus-group interviews conducted between March and June 2025. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke’ method of thematic analysis. Results: Thematic analysis revealed four key coping strategies: (1) acceptance of immutable identity traits to foster resilience, (2) emotional ventilation within culturally safe spaces, (3) self-growth and empowerment through reflection and adaptive practices, and (4) assertive responses to racism when necessary. While some participants reported psychological distress, many demonstrated resilience and resourcefulness, challenging deficit-based assumptions often found in the existing literature. Findings underscore the importance of culturally responsive mental healthcare, including peer support, emotional safe spaces, and strength-based interventions. Conclusions: This study offers a holistic understanding of how culturally and racially marginalised people cope with new racism and its mental health impacts. The findings highlight the critical need for person-centred, culturally responsive, and equity-focused mental health support, providing actionable guidance for nursing practice and policy development.