# How Does Woodland Use Affect the Multifunctionality of Soil Ecosystems?

## TL;DR

This paper explores how woodland use affects soil ecosystem functions and highlights the importance of biodiversity and microbial research in forest management.

## Contribution

The paper emphasizes the need for enhanced microbial research in understanding soil ecosystem multifunctionality under woodland use.

## Key findings

- Woodland use intensity influences soil ecosystem multifunctionality through biodiversity and abiotic factors.
- Microbial diversity and biotic interactions play crucial roles in maintaining soil ecosystem functions.
- Current research gaps highlight the necessity for more studies on microbial contributions to forest ecosystems.

## Abstract

Humans have made tremendous efforts to explore how biodiversity changes affect ecosystem processes and human well-being. It has been found that, in addition to biodiversity, various drivers of global change also play significant roles in ecosystem functioning. Land use is a key driver of global change, yet research on land use intensity has predominantly focused on agricultural and grassland ecosystems. There remains limited understanding of how land use intensity alters the relationships among biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and multifunctionality, particularly in forest ecosystems. This paper reviews recent advances in research on soil ecosystem multifunctionality, covering the effects of woodland use intensity, above- and belowground biodiversity, microbial diversity, and biotic interactions, as well as abiotic drivers. Through a comprehensive analysis of the integrated impacts of biodiversity, biotic interactions, and abiotic factors on soil ecosystem multifunctionality, the necessity of enhancing microbial research and its application in ecosystems is emphasized, providing a theoretical basis for forest management.