# Evaluation of Molecular Responses and Longevity Markers in Acheta domesticus Following Combined Resveratrol and Nanodiamond Exposure

## TL;DR

This study explores how combining resveratrol and nanodiamonds affects aging markers in two cricket strains, finding that genetic background strongly influences the molecular response.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in demonstrating that genetic background and age modulate the effects of combined resveratrol and nanodiamond exposure on sirtuin activity and DNA damage markers.

## Key findings

- RV+NDs exposure caused a persistent increase in total sirtuin activity in longevity-selected crickets but not in wild-type.
- DNA damage markers were more sensitive to RV+NDs exposure than classical redox parameters.
- Genetic background and age strongly influenced survival and molecular responses to the treatment.

## Abstract

Sirtuins are conserved proteins regulating oxidative stress and lifespan. While they enhance cellular adaptability, the long-term biological consequences of combining bioactive compounds with nanomaterials remain poorly understood. This study examined the effects of combined resveratrol and nanodiamonds (RV+NDs) in two Acheta domesticus strains: wild-type (H) and longevity-selected (D). The impact was assessed across developmental stages, focusing on survival, total sirtuin activity, specific isoforms (SIRT1, SIRT6), oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, and DNA damage markers. RV+NDs exposure did not result in consistent lifespan extension or sustained oxidative stress. Molecular responses were strongly dictated by genetic background and age, as reflected by significant survival differences between strains H and D (p < 0.001) Notably, a persistent increase in total sirtuin activity (~60% ↑ across developmental stages) occurred exclusively in the longevity-selected strain, though no stable activation of SIRT1 or SIRT6 was detected. While classical redox parameters showed only transient changes, DNA damage response markers emerged as the most sensitive indicators of RV+NDs exposure. Overall, the findings demonstrate that RV+NDs treatment induces context-dependent, adaptive molecular responses. This highlights the critical role of genetic background and age in shaping ageing-related pathways, suggesting that nanodelivery systems do not produce universal effects across different genotypes.