Solvent Removal Salicylic Acid-Loaded Myristic Acid-Based In Situ Forming Gel

TL;DR

This paper describes a new gel system that can release salicylic acid for up to 20 days, suitable for localized oral drug delivery.

Contribution

A novel myristic acid-based in situ forming gel system with sustained salicylic acid release is developed and characterized.

Findings

Salicylic acid release was prolonged up to 20 days in DMSO-based formulations.

The Peppas–Sahlin model best described the drug release kinetics.

The gel system showed antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens.

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a solvent removal-based in situ forming gel (ISG) loaded with salicylic acid (SAL) using myristic acid (MYR) as a matrix-forming agent. SAL-loaded MYR-based ISGs were prepared using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvents and evaluated for physicochemical properties, matrix formation behavior, mechanical characteristics, and in vitro drug release. Increasing MYR content influenced viscosity, gel formation kinetics, and depot integrity, resulting in prolonged SAL release of up to 20 days in DMSO-based formulations. The release kinetics were best described by the Peppas–Sahlin model, indicating diffusion-dominated drug transport. The selected formulation containing 30% w/w SAL and 20% w/w MYR exhibited acceptable injectability, reproducible in situ matrix formation, and sustained drug retention. Antimicrobial testing confirmed that SAL retained biological activity against oral pathogens following incorporation into the ISG system, although solvent contributions to antimicrobial effects were also observed. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of a MYR-based ISG system in which SAL contributes to both therapeutic activity and matrix formation, supporting its potential for localized oral drug delivery.

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