Anti-Biofilm Activity of Combinations of Cinnamic Acid and Its Derivatives with Cloxacillin Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis
Tomasz Zawiła, Denis Swolana, Marta Zawiła, Zuzanna Rzepka, Robert D. Wojtyczka
TL;DR
This study investigates how cinnamic acid and its derivatives, when combined with cloxacillin, affect biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Contribution
The study introduces new insights into the anti-biofilm potential of cinnamic acid derivatives combined with cloxacillin against MRSE.
Findings
The combination of cinnamic acid derivatives and cloxacillin showed variable effects on biofilm-related gene expression.
Confocal microscopy revealed structural changes in biofilms depending on the concentration of the compounds.
Nonlinear patterns of gene expression were observed under sub-MIC concentrations of the tested compounds.
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) poses a significant clinical challenge, particularly in the context of biofilm-associated infections, with increasing antibiotic resistance further complicating infection eradication. In the present study, the effects of cinnamic acid and its derivatives (ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, and sinapic acid), alone and in combination with the β-lactam antibiotic cloxacillin, on biofilm formation by a single methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) clinical strain were explored. The expression of the biofilm-associated icaADBC operon genes and the icaR repressor gene was assessed using Real-Time PCR as an exploratory analysis under sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of the tested compounds. Furthermore, confocal microscopy was used to qualitatively assess selected structural changes in the biofilm. Their occurrence was demonstrated…
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Taxonomy
TopicsBacterial biofilms and quorum sensing · Oral microbiology and periodontitis research · Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus