# Schoolwide Positive Behavior Interventions and Support in Portuguese Schools: An Exploratory Study

## TL;DR

This study explores how Schoolwide PBIS is being used in Portuguese schools and finds that implementation is limited with low knowledge among school psychologists.

## Contribution

This is the first study to map Schoolwide PBIS practices in Portuguese schools from school psychologists' perspectives.

## Key findings

- Only a small percentage of school psychologists report high knowledge of Schoolwide PBIS.
- Implementation of Schoolwide PBIS in Portuguese schools is limited and faces challenges.
- Most school psychologists report knowing little or nothing about Schoolwide PBIS.

## Abstract

Schoolwide Positive Behavior Interventions and Support (Schoolwide PBIS) has been identified as a framework that supports schools in promoting positive behavior and preventing and managing behavior problems. The Decree-Law no. 54/2018 in Portugal leads schools to implement multitiered support systems for all students, integrating learning, social–emotional, and behavioral dimensions. Schoolwide PBIS aligns with the aims and principles of this legislation. However, to our knowledge, studies have yet to map Schoolwide PBIS practices in Portuguese schools. This study presents the results from a survey that aimed to explore the practice of Schoolwide PBIS features in Portuguese schools from the perspectives of 375 school psychologists and to analyze self-reported knowledge regarding the Schoolwide PBIS framework and its implementation in schools. Results suggest a limited Schoolwide PBIS implementation in Portuguese schools, with a meager percentage of school psychologists reporting a higher level of knowledge about the framework and the majority mentioning knowing little or nothing about Schoolwide PBIS. The results evidence how complex and challenging the adoption and implementation of Schoolwide PBIS can be, although there is strong evidence of its efficacy and relevance in inclusive contexts.