# Correlation of Trace Mineral Status Between Cows and Their Calves: Insights from Paired Serum Samples

## TL;DR

This study shows that the trace mineral levels in cows are closely linked to those in their calves, emphasizing the importance of proper cow nutrition for healthy calf development.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into the correlation of trace mineral levels between cows and their calves, highlighting the influence of maternal mineral status on neonatal levels.

## Key findings

- Cows had higher levels of cobalt, copper, iron, and selenium compared to their calves.
- Calves had higher zinc levels than cows, and selenium deficiencies were more common in cows.
- Positive correlations in certain minerals suggest maternal mineral status influences neonatal levels.

## Abstract

The mineral levels of newborn calves could be influenced by the trace mineral status of their mothers. In this study we detected higher levels of minerals such as cobalt, copper, iron, and selenium in cows than in calves and higher levels of zinc in calves than in cows. Trace mineral deficiencies, particularly of selenium, were more common in cows than in calves. Importantly, cows with good mineral statuses were more likely to have calves with adequate mineral levels, confirming effective transfer of minerals before and after birth. These findings highlight the importance of correct mineral supplementation of cows during the dry period to ensure calves are born with the balanced mineral levels that are needed for a healthy start to life.

This study assessed trace mineral levels (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, and Zn) in paired serum samples from multiparous Holstein Friesian cows and their calves after colostrum intake, to explore potential relationships between maternal and neonatal mineral status. The acid-digested samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Serum levels of Co, Cu, Fe, and Se were significantly higher in cows than in calves (p < 0.001), while Zn levels were higher in calves. The levels of Cr, Mn, and Mo were similar in both groups. Overall, mineral deficiencies were more prevalent in cows, with Se being the most deficient element, followed by Zn, Cu, and Co. Calves were more deficient in Co and Mn than their mothers but were not generally deficient in Se. Serum levels of Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, and Se were positively correlated in cows and their calves, suggesting that maternal mineral status influences neonatal mineral levels. Overall, these results provide insights into trace mineral dynamics in cow–calf pairs. Further studies are needed to clarify the relative contribution of placental and colostral mineral transfer.