# From acute diagnosis to longitudinal risk stratification: a paradigm shift in the clinical role of cardiac biomarkers

## TL;DR

This paper discusses how cardiac biomarkers are shifting from diagnosing acute issues to managing long-term cardiovascular risks.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a new framework for using cardiac biomarkers in longitudinal risk stratification and disease management.

## Key findings

- Biomarkers can inform prevention, early detection, and chronic monitoring of cardiovascular disease.
- Multi-biomarker panels and AI-based models are key strategies for implementation.
- Challenges include standardization, interpretation, and cost-effectiveness of biomarker use.

## Abstract

This perspective examines the evolving role of cardiac biomarkers from acute diagnostic tools to integral components of longitudinal risk stratification and cardiovascular disease management. Evidence from cohort studies, clinical trials, and high-sensitivity assays demonstrates that biomarkers reflecting myocardial injury, hemodynamic stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic dysfunction can inform prevention, early detection, acute care, and chronic monitoring. Key implementation strategies include multi-biomarker panels, serial measurements, multi-omics integration, and artificial intelligence-based risk modeling. Challenges such as assay standardization, clinical interpretation, and cost-effectiveness are critically evaluated. Overall, this framework highlights the potential for biomarker-guided approaches to promote more preventive, precise, and patient-centered cardiovascular care.