Prevalence of gestational diabetes using IADPSG criteria in North India: A cross-sectional study

TL;DR

This study found a 19% prevalence of gestational diabetes in North Indian pregnant women, highlighting the need for early screening and prevention.

Contribution

The study reports GDM prevalence in a North Indian population using IADPSG criteria and identifies key risk factors.

Findings

GDM prevalence was 19.0% among 800 pregnant women in North India.

Risk factors included maternal age over 30, BMI ≥25, family history of diabetes, and early pregnancy prediabetes.

GDM was linked to higher rates of caesarean delivery and neonatal macrosomia.

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents a growing challenge in India and is under-studied in many North Indian populations. In
this cross-sectional research of 800 pregnant women at 24-28 weeks gestation in a tertiary hospital in North India, we found a GDM prevalence
of 19.0% when applying IADPSG criteria. Key risk factors for GDM included maternal age over 30 years, pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m2, family
history of diabetes and prediabetes detected early in pregnancy. GDM was significantly associated with increased rates of caesarean delivery
and neonatal macrosomia. The high prevalence underscores need for universal screening, earlier detection and tailored preventive measures
in similar settings.