# Oral lesions in patients with systemic diseases: A hospital-based observational study

## TL;DR

This study examines how common oral lesions are in patients with systemic diseases and finds strong links between specific mouth conditions and underlying health issues.

## Contribution

The study identifies distinct associations between specific oral lesions and systemic diseases in a hospital-based population.

## Key findings

- High frequencies of periodontal disease, candidiasis, and glossitis were observed in patients with systemic diseases.
- Specific oral lesions were distinctly associated with conditions like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and autoimmune diseases.
- Routine oral examination is highlighted as essential for early detection and management of systemic diseases.

## Abstract

Systemic diseases frequently manifest through characteristic oral lesions, making the oral cavity an important indicator of underlying
medical conditions. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the prevalence and patterns of oral lesions among patients with confirmed
systemic diseases in a hospital-based population. Hence, a cross-sectional observational analysis of 500 adults was conducted,
documenting demographic data, systemic diagnoses and clinically verified oral findings, which were evaluated using WHO criteria and
analyzed statistically. The results demonstrated high frequencies of periodontal disease, candidiasis, glossitis, aphthous ulcers and
lichenoid reactions, with distinct associations observed between specific lesions and conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension,
anemia, gastrointestinal disorders, autoimmune diseases and chronic kidney disease. These findings highlight the essential role of
routine oral examination in the early detection and multidisciplinary management of systemic diseases.