# Clinical tips to optimize liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy in esophageal malignancy

**Authors:** Joseph Spataro, Michael Fuchs, Alvin Zfass

PMC · DOI: 10.1093/dote/doag024 · Diseases of the Esophagus · 2026-03-17

## TL;DR

This paper offers practical advice to improve the effectiveness and safety of liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy for treating esophageal cancer.

## Contribution

The paper introduces practical, experience-based tips to enhance the use of liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy in treating esophageal malignancies.

## Key findings

- Liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy is effective for ablation of esophageal tissue.
- Procedural complexity has limited its widespread adoption.
- Practical tips are provided to improve safety and outcomes in treating esophageal malignancy.

## Abstract

Liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy is an approved modality that has been used to treat esophageal disease for more than 20 years. This versatile tool effectively ablates unwanted tissue; however, its widespread adoption has been limited by procedural complexity limiting technical success. Drawing on the collective experience of the authors, this article provides practical tips to optimize procedure safety, efficiency, and outcomes, with a focus on esophageal malignancy.

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** GCG (glucagon) [NCBI Gene 2641] {aka GLP-1, GLP1, GLP2, GRPP}
- **Diseases:** gastric antral vascular ectasia (MESH:D020252), radiation proctopathy (MESH:D011832), adhesion (MESH:D000267), cancer (MESH:D009369), esophageal strictures (MESH:D004940), vascular disorders of the stomach and rectum (MESH:D012004), Esophageal malignancy (MESH:D004941), dysplastic Barrett's esophagus (MESH:D001471), contractions (MESH:C536214), esophageal disease (MESH:D004935), SPECIFIC ANATOMY (MESH:D000080888), bleeding (MESH:D006470), LNSC (MESH:D007222), Cardia tumors (MESH:D004938), tracheoesophageal fistula (MESH:D014138)
- **Chemicals:** Ice (MESH:D007053), carbon dioxide (MESH:D002245), isopropyl alcohol (MESH:D019840), Nitrogen (MESH:D009584), glycopyrrolate (MESH:D006024), oxygen (MESH:D010100), alcohol (MESH:D000438), Acetic acid (MESH:D019342)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC13017084