# Costs of Extrapulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Disease, Denmark, 2005–2017

**Authors:** Victor Naestholt Dahl, Andreas Arnholdt Pedersen, Michael Høffding Ibsen, Ole Hilberg, Anders Løkke, Andreas Fløe

PMC · DOI: 10.3201/eid3203.251548 · 2026-03-01

## TL;DR

This study estimates the economic and social costs of extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria disease in Denmark from 2005 to 2017.

## Contribution

The study quantifies the socioeconomic burden of ENTM disease, including healthcare costs and employment impacts.

## Key findings

- ENTM disease was linked to higher healthcare costs.
- Patients experienced reduced employment income and increased public benefits.
- The disease imposes a significant socioeconomic burden.

## Abstract

We estimated the direct and indirect costs associated with extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (ENTM) disease in Denmark during 2005–2017. ENTM disease was associated with substantially higher healthcare costs, lower employment income, and increased public benefits before, around, and after diagnosis. Our findings highlight the substantial socioeconomic burden associated with ENTM disease.

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** functional impairment (MESH:D003072), skin and soft tissue infections (MESH:D018461), CCI (MESH:C566784), infection (MESH:D007239), Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Disease (MESH:D009165), lymphadenitis (MESH:D008199), ENTM (MESH:D000092225), nosocomial infections (MESH:D003428), osteomyelitis (MESH:D010019)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], Mycobacteriales (order) [taxon 85007]

## Figures

2 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC13016030/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC13016030