# An evolving landscape: predictive and therapeutic biomarkers in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how biomarkers are used to guide treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer, focusing on new therapies and testing methods.

## Contribution

The paper provides an updated review of predictive and therapeutic biomarkers in advanced NSCLC with a focus on recent drug approvals.

## Key findings

- Comprehensive molecular testing is essential for identifying actionable biomarkers in NSCLC.
- Immune-checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies have transformed NSCLC treatment.
- Recent drug approvals highlight the importance of biomarker-driven therapeutic strategies.

## Abstract

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The incorporation of immune-checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies have revolutionized the treatment landscape in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Comprehensive testing for actionable biomarkers, including immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and next generation sequencing is critical for patients with NSCLC to ensure accurate therapeutic management. In this review, we summarize the methodology and molecular testing for oncogenic driver alterations in NSCLC, highlight current biomarkers in advanced NSCLC predictive of response to immunotherapy and targeted therapies with a focus on recent drug approvals, and discuss future directions in this rapidly advancing field.