# Auxiliary TARP Subunits Define AMPA Receptor Pharmacology and Function

## TL;DR

This study explores how certain chemicals affect AMPA receptors in the brain, which are linked to conditions like epilepsy, and how these effects depend on auxiliary proteins.

## Contribution

The study identifies a specific mechanism by which dibenzobarrelene derivatives modulate AMPA receptor function, highlighting dependence on TARPγ8 auxiliary subunits.

## Key findings

- Dibenzobarrelene compounds suppress glutamate-induced currents and enhance desensitization and deactivation of AMPA receptors.
- TARPγ8 co-expression reduces but does not eliminate the modulatory effects of these compounds.
- The compounds decrease agonist-bound open states and promote transitions to non-conducting states.

## Abstract

Background: Fast excitatory transmission in the central nervous system is carried out by AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Neuronal hyperexcitability and epilepsy have been associated with the dysregulation of AMPA receptor function. Modulation of the gating kinetics of AMPA receptor function has been proposed to be a desirable target for therapy, especially when the modulation is transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein (TARP)-dependent and AMPA receptor subunit composition-dependent. Methods: Eight dibenzobarrelene-based heterocycles were characterized for their effects on the human embryonic kidney cells expressing homomeric GluA1 and heteromeric GluA1/2 AMPA receptors, either alone or co-expressed with the TARPγ8 auxiliary subunit, using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings, and the current amplitude and kinetics of desensitization and deactivation were measured after rapid glutamate application. Results: Each chemical evaluated suppressed glutamate-induced currents via AMPA receptors and augmented both desensitization and deactivation, indicating a negative allosteric modulatory effect. The co-expression of TARPγ8 diminished, but did not eradicate, the inhibition and acceleration induced by the compounds. The observations indicate that the chemicals diminish agonist-bound open states and facilitate transitions to non-conducting states while maintaining effectiveness. Conclusions: The present study describes a specific kinetic mechanism by which dibenzobarrelene derivatives impair the function of the AMPA receptor and its dependence on auxiliary proteins. The present study provides a mechanistic understanding of AMPA receptor gating modulation and establishes a pharmacological framework for future investigations in more physiologically relevant systems.