Histopathologic responses of the dental pulp to an experimental calcium aluminate–calcium silicate based capping material in comparison to mineral trioxide aggregate

TL;DR

This study compares a new dental material with an existing one to see how well they help repair tooth pulp in dogs.

Contribution

A new calcium aluminate-based material was tested as a potential alternative to MTA for pulp capping.

Findings

MTA showed lower inflammation than the experimental material after 1 month.

Both materials showed similar inflammation and dentin bridge formation after 3 months.

The new material showed good reparative potential for pulp treatment.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Calcium Aluminate- Calcium Silicate based experimental pulp capping material with the commercially available Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) in terms of dentin bridge formation and pulp response. Four healthy male dogs were selected for this study. Teeth were randomly divided into four main groups (n = 14). Group I: experimental Calcium aluminate pulp capping material was used for pulp capping, Group II: Mineral Trioxide Aggregate pulp capping material was used for pulp capping, Group III: positive control group; no pulp capping material was applied and Group IV: negative control group; intact teeth were selected. Inflammatory response and dentin bridge formation was assessed at 1 month and 3 months. Regarding the inflammatory response; after 1 month, there was a statistically significant difference among all groups with P value < 0.001. Where MTA group showed a statistically significant lower inflammatory scores than the experimental Calcium aluminate group. After 3 months, there was a statistically significant difference among all groups with P value < 0.001. Where there was no statistically significant difference in the inflammatory scores between MTA and the experimental Calcium aluminate groups. For dentin bridge formation; at 3 months, there was a statistically significant difference among all groups at p value < 0.001. Where there was no statistically significant difference between MTA and the experimental Calcium aluminate groups. The new experimental Calcium aluminate-based biomaterial demonstrated good reparative capabilities and achieved the status of a potential material for use in vital pulp treatment.

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