# A preliminary study on the role of platelet mitochondria in the proliferation and metabolism of multiple myeloma cells

**Authors:** 柳芸 张, 云会 向, 艳英 李, 娟 张

PMC · DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20250616-00278 · Chinese Journal of Hematology · 2026-02-01

## TL;DR

This study explores how platelet mitochondria may influence the growth and metabolism of multiple myeloma cells in laboratory experiments.

## Contribution

The study is the first to investigate the role of platelet mitochondrial respiration in multiple myeloma cell proliferation and mitochondrial dynamics.

## Key findings

- MM patient platelets show altered activation markers and increased mitochondrial ROS compared to healthy controls.
- Co-culturing MM cells with platelets promotes cell proliferation and upregulates metabolic and mitochondrial genes.
- Platelet mitochondrial inhibitors block MM cell proliferation and gene expression changes.

## Abstract

分析多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者的血小板（PLT）及其线粒体特征，并探讨PLT线粒体呼吸对MM细胞增殖、代谢和线粒体动力学的影响。

收集2020年1月至2023年12月四川省人民医院健康志愿者及新诊断MM（NDMM）患者外周血并分离PLT，通过扫描电镜、透射电镜和流式细胞术评估PLT活化状态和线粒体活性氧水平，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清中PLT相关因子表达水平。将健康志愿者未处理的PLT、鱼藤酮或寡霉素预处理PLT分别与MM细胞（RPMI 8226和U266细胞系）共培养。通过CCK-8检测MM细胞增殖，实时荧光定量PCR（qPCR）检测MM细胞中代谢与线粒体动力学相关基因的mRNA表达水平。Western blot检测动力学相关蛋白1（Drp1）及其磷酸化蛋白表达水平。

与健康志愿者相比，MM患者的PLT活化标志物CD41/CD61表达升高［（2.10±1.15）％对（0.22±0.19）％，P＝0.048］，CD42b表达下降［（52.80±8.73）％对（74.58±5.11）％，P＝0.020］，且PLT线粒体活性氧水平上升（150.50±17.79对62.45±21.34，P＝0.001）；血清因子检测显示，MM患者中白细胞介素（IL）-34、血小板因子4（PF4）表达下调，碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、IL-6、P-选择素、血小板衍生生长因子（PDGF）和转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）表达均上调（P值均<0.05），而血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平差异无统计学意义（P＝0.086）。体外共培养实验表明，与PLT共培养48 h可促进MM细胞增殖，而经鱼藤酮或寡霉素预处理的PLT则丧失促增殖作用（P值均<0.001）。qPCR结果显示，共培养后MM细胞代谢相关基因柠檬酸合酶（CS）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDHA）及线粒体动力学相关基因动力蛋白-1样蛋白（DNM1L）、线粒体分裂蛋白1（FIS1）mRNA表达水平均升高（P值均<0.05）。Drp1抑制剂Mdivi-1预处理可抑制MM细胞DNM1L mRNA表达（0.75±0.16对1.00±0.09，P＝0.002），而与PLT共培养后可逆转抑制作用（1.02±0.13对0.75±0.16，P＝0.007）。Western blot结果显示，与PLT共培养后，U266细胞系中p-Drp1 Ser616蛋白表达水平升高（P<0.05）。

体外实验提示，PLT及其线粒体呼吸功能可能参与调控MM细胞的增殖、代谢重编程及线粒体动力学过程。然而，其在体内环境及临床实践中的相关性与适用性仍需通过更多临床前及临床研究加以验证。

## Linked entities

- **Genes:** ITGA2B (integrin subunit alpha 2b) [NCBI Gene 3674], ITGB3 (integrin subunit beta 3) [NCBI Gene 3690], GP1BA (glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha) [NCBI Gene 2811], CS (citrate synthase) [NCBI Gene 1431], LDHA (lactate dehydrogenase A) [NCBI Gene 3939], DNM1L (dynamin 1 like) [NCBI Gene 10059], FIS1 (fission, mitochondrial 1) [NCBI Gene 51024], CRMP1 (collapsin response mediator protein 1) [NCBI Gene 1400], DNM1L (dynamin 1 like) [NCBI Gene 10059]
- **Proteins:** ITGA2B (integrin subunit alpha 2b), ITGB3 (integrin subunit beta 3), GP1BA (glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha), CRMP1 (collapsin response mediator protein 1)
- **Chemicals:** Mdivi-1 (PubChem CID 3825829)
- **Diseases:** multiple myeloma (MONDO:0009693), MM (MONDO:0009685)

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** SELP (selectin P) [NCBI Gene 6403] {aka CD62, CD62P, GMP140, GRMP, LECAM3, PADGEM}, DNM1L (dynamin 1 like) [NCBI Gene 10059] {aka DLP1, DRP1, DVLP, DYMPLE, EMPF, EMPF1}, SDC1 (syndecan 1) [NCBI Gene 6382] {aka CD138, SDC, SYND1, syndecan}, CS (citrate synthase) [NCBI Gene 1431], IL34 (interleukin 34) [NCBI Gene 146433] {aka C16orf77, IL-34}, IL6 (interleukin 6) [NCBI Gene 3569] {aka BSF-2, BSF2, CDF, HGF, HSF, IFN-beta-2}, LDHA (lactate dehydrogenase A) [NCBI Gene 3939] {aka GSD11, HEL-S-133P, LDHM, PIG19}, FIS1 (fission, mitochondrial 1) [NCBI Gene 51024] {aka CGI-135, TTC11}, ITGA2B (integrin subunit alpha 2b) [NCBI Gene 3674] {aka BDPLT16, BDPLT2, CD41, CD41B, FMAIT2, GP2B}, ITGB3 (integrin subunit beta 3) [NCBI Gene 3690] {aka BDPLT16, BDPLT2, BDPLT24, CD61, FMAIT1, GP3A}, GP1BA (glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha) [NCBI Gene 2811] {aka BDPLT1, BDPLT3, BSS, CD42B, CD42b-alpha, DBPLT3}, TGFB1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) [NCBI Gene 7040] {aka CAEND1, CED, DPD1, IBDIMDE, LAP, TGF-beta1}, PF4 (platelet factor 4) [NCBI Gene 5196] {aka CXCL4, PF-4, SCYB4}, MS4A1 (membrane spanning 4-domains A1) [NCBI Gene 931] {aka B1, Bp35, CD20, CVID5, FMC7, LEU-16}, FGF2 (fibroblast growth factor 2) [NCBI Gene 2247] {aka BFGF, FGF-2, FGFB, HBGF-2}, GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) [NCBI Gene 2597] {aka G3PD, GAPD, HEL-S-162eP}, ACLY (ATP citrate lyase) [NCBI Gene 47] {aka ACL, ATPCL, CLATP}, MIEF1 (mitochondrial elongation factor 1) [NCBI Gene 54471] {aka D3A, HSU79252, MID51, OPA14, SMCR7L, dJ1104E15.3}, IGF1 (insulin like growth factor 1) [NCBI Gene 3479] {aka IGF, IGF-I, IGFI, MGF}, APC (APC regulator of Wnt signaling pathway) [NCBI Gene 324] {aka BTPS2, DESMD, DP2, DP2.5, DP3, GS}, FASN (fatty acid synthase) [NCBI Gene 2194] {aka FAS, OA-519, SDR27X1}, VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A) [NCBI Gene 7422] {aka L-VEGF, MVCD1, VEGF, VPF}
- **Diseases:** MM (MESH:D009101)
- **Chemicals:** NDMM (-), Mdivi-1 (MESH:C000723896), SYBR Green (MESH:C098022), CS (MESH:D002586), CCK-8 (MESH:D012844), EDTA (MESH:D004492), MitoSOX Red (MESH:C000597839), rotenone (MESH:D012402), oligomycin (MESH:D009840), ROS (MESH:D017382), PBS (MESH:D007854), ATP (MESH:D000255), CO2 (MESH:D002245)
- **Species:** Mus musculus (house mouse, species) [taxon 10090], Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]
- **Cell lines:** -1 — Mus musculus (Mouse), Hybridoma (CVCL_C7RB), U266 — Homo sapiens (Human), Plasma cell myeloma, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0566), RPMI 8226 — Homo sapiens (Human), Plasma cell myeloma, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0014), U2OS     ,       1 — Homo sapiens (Human), Osteosarcoma, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0042), CCK-8 — Homo sapiens (Human), Colon adenocarcinoma, Cancer cell line (CVCL_2873)

## Full text

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## Figures

4 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC13008567/full.md

## References

30 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC13008567/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC13008567