# Chinese guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of myelodysplastic neoplasms (2026)

## TL;DR

This paper presents updated Chinese guidelines for diagnosing and treating myelodysplastic neoplasms, incorporating recent research and WHO classification changes.

## Contribution

The paper provides revised clinical guidelines for MDS diagnosis and treatment based on recent advancements and updated WHO classifications.

## Key findings

- MDS is a heterogeneous group of myeloid tumors with risk of progressing to acute myeloid leukemia.
- Recent advances in basic research and targeted therapies have influenced the updated guidelines.
- The fifth edition of the WHO classification has updated the MDS categorization.

## Abstract

骨髓增生异常肿瘤（MDS）是一组起源于造血干细胞的高度异质性髓系肿瘤，临床表现为一系或多系血细胞减少，有向急性髓系白血病转化的风险。近年来，MDS在基础研究和新型靶向药物治疗方面取得了较大进展，第五版WHO分类对MDS的分型进行了更新。因此，中华医学会血液学分会对《骨髓增生异常综合征中国诊断与治疗指南（2019年版）》进行了修订，以规范MDS的诊断、鉴别诊断、预后评估及治疗选择，从而更好地指导临床实践。