# Bleeding characteristics in pregnant patients with immune thrombocytopenia and severe thrombocytopenia

**Authors:** 燕梅 程, 仁霞 李, 志惠 冯, 诗琦 张, 丹丹 王, 会娟 敖, 伟 张, 泽平 周

PMC · DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20250723-00345 · Chinese Journal of Hematology · 2026-02-01

## TL;DR

Pregnant women with immune thrombocytopenia and low platelet counts have lower severe bleeding risk compared to non-pregnant patients, possibly due to a pregnancy-related high coagulation state.

## Contribution

This study provides evidence that pregnancy may reduce bleeding severity in ITP patients with severe thrombocytopenia.

## Key findings

- Pregnant ITP patients with PLT <20×109/L had a lower rate of severe bleeding events compared to non-pregnant ITP patients.
- Pregnant ITP patients showed shorter APTT and PT times, suggesting a relative hypercoagulable state during pregnancy.
- Non-pregnant ITP patients had a threefold higher rate of high-severity bleeding events (≥5 points) compared to pregnant ITP patients.

## Abstract

评估妊娠合并免疫性血小板减少症（Immune thrombocytopenia, ITP）患者在严重血小板减少（<20×109/L）情况下，与同等血小板减少程度的非妊娠ITP患者相比，妊娠生理性高凝状态是否降低出血风险、减轻出血严重程度。

回顾性收集2013年1月1日至2024年4月30日期间，于昆明医科大学第二附属医院住院治疗的妊娠合并ITP患者（排除病理妊娠继发血小板减少患者）。并且根据年龄、ITP病程及PLT谷值3个标准，以1∶2的比例匹配非妊娠ITP患者，比较两组患者出血事件发生率及出血严重程度等。

本研究共纳入23例妊娠期间PLT<20×109/L的ITP病例，匹配非妊娠ITP患者46例。妊娠ITP患者的活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）及凝血酶原时间（PT）较非妊娠ITP患者缩短（均P<0.05）。妊娠ITP组与非妊娠ITP组出血事件发生率（73.9％对89.1％，P＝0.161）及总体出血评分（P＝0.072）差异均无统计学意义。妊娠ITP组最高出血评分为5分，且仅有2例（8.7％），91.3％的病例出血评分≤3分。非妊娠ITP组最高出血评分为8分（危及生命的大出血事件），有3例（6.5％），1例失血性休克，2例脑出血（其中1例脑出血死亡）。19.6％的患者出血评分为5分，73.9％的患者出血评分≤3分。非妊娠ITP组出血评分≥5分的出血事件发生率是妊娠ITP组的3倍（26.1％对8.7％）。

患有ITP的妊娠期女性即使PLT<20×109/L，与同等血小板减少程度的非妊娠ITP患者相比，其严重出血发生率降低，且妊娠ITP组APTT及PT时间更短，提示妊娠期的相对高凝状态可能是这部分患者出血严重程度减轻的潜在原因。

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** immune thrombocytopenia (MONDO:0002048)

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** FGB (fibrinogen beta chain) [NCBI Gene 2244] {aka HEL-S-78p}
- **Diseases:** hemorrhagic shock (MESH:D012771), ITP (MESH:D016553), thrombocytopenia (MESH:D013921), Bleeding (MESH:D006470), cerebral hemorrhage (MESH:D002543)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

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## References

24 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC13008555/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC13008555