# A Thorough Analysis of Changing Antibiotic Resistance in Dental Practice: A Narrative Review

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how antibiotic misuse in dentistry contributes to resistance and suggests solutions like better guidelines and education.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of ABR trends in dentistry and proposes targeted interventions for the Indian context.

## Key findings

- Antibiotic misuse in dentistry drives resistance despite low prescription rates.
- Overprescription and lack of guidelines are key contributors to ABR in dental practice.
- Evidence-based prescribing and public education are proposed to curb resistance.

## Abstract

Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is now a global health issue with major significance in dental practice. While dentistry accounts for only a small percentage of total antibiotic prescriptions, its misuse and overuse are major forces behind the development of resistance. This review extensively summarizes the changing trends in ABR in dental practice, highlighting the contributions of overprescription, self-medication, the absence of standardized guidelines, and educational deficiencies among dentists. The implications of ABR include inferior treatment outcomes and enhanced risks to public health through the dissemination of resistant genes among microbial populations. Possible solutions include antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs, new diagnostic technologies, and public and professional education. Special focus is placed on the adoption of evidence-based prescribing, minimization of prophylactic misuse, and utilization of antibiotic alternatives in non-systemic dental infections. Innovations in prescription labeling and awareness campaigns are also proposed as measures to encourage rational antibiotic use.

In the Indian context, this review draws attention to local disparities in antibiotic misuse and urges specific interventions. Finally, preventing ABR in dentistry requires a multifaceted response involving technological innovation, policy change, and educational efforts to maintain the efficacy of antibiotics for generations to come.