A bile acid–GPBAR1 network supports anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic benefits of probiotics in colitis
Michele Biagioli, Cristina Di Giorgio, Silvia Marchianò, Benedetta Sensini, Ginevra Urbani, Eleonora Giannelli, Ginevra Lachi, Carmen Massa, Maria Rosaria Sette, Francesca Paniconi, Elva Morretta, Maria Chiara Monti, Angela Zampella, Eleonora Distrutti, Stefano Fiorucci
TL;DR
A 9-strain probiotic helps reduce inflammation and fibrosis in chronic colitis by influencing bile acid signaling through GPBAR1.
Contribution
A new 9-strain probiotic formulation shows anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects via bile acid-GPBAR1 signaling in chronic colitis.
Findings
The 9-strain probiotic reduces inflammation and fibrosis in chronic colitis but not in acute colitis.
The probiotic remodels microbiota and increases GPBAR1-agonist bile acids like 3-oxo-DCA.
The anti-inflammatory effects of the probiotic are lost in mice lacking GPBAR1.
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is a severe complication of Crohn's disease for which therapy remains suboptimal. Probiotics are widely used in the treatment of intestinal inflammation, but all major guidelines do not recommend in favor of their use, with the exception of an 8-strains bacterial formula, which is recommended for the treatment of pouch inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Using this 8-strains formulation as a comparator, we characterized a 9-strains probiotic formulation enriched with Lactobacillus rhamnosus and paracasei in a mouse model of intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. Our findings demonstrated that while both formulations exerted similar protective effects in acute colitis, only the 9-strains probiotic attenuates inflammation and fibrosis in chronic colitis. Mechanistically, we found that the 9-strains formulation remodeled the microbiota composition and the structure of…
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Taxonomy
TopicsGut microbiota and health · Inflammatory Bowel Disease · Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms