Movement Disorders in Cabo Verde: Epidemiology, Access Barriers, and Public Health Implications in an Aging Island Population

TL;DR

This study examines movement disorders in Cabo Verde, finding high prevalence and significant barriers to care, especially among older adults.

Contribution

The study provides the first country-level data on movement disorders in Cabo Verde, highlighting access barriers in a low-income setting.

Findings

Age-standardized MD prevalence was 17 per 100,000, with higher rates in men and those over 60.

70% of patients faced moderate or severe difficulties accessing medication.

Findings emphasize the need for improved diagnosis and decentralized healthcare services in LMICs.

Abstract

Movement disorders (MDs), including Parkinson’s disease (PD) and essential tremor, are growing causes of disability globally. Yet, data on MDs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Cabo Verde, remain scarce. This study aimed to estimate MD prevalence and incidence, identify at-risk groups, and evaluate access to care.

A multi-site, country-level cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2024, including 110 adults with confirmed MDs. Data were obtained via clinical record reviews, interviews, and a structured questionnaire. Analyses included descriptive statistics, multivariable logistic regression, and thematic analysis of open-text responses.

The age-standardized MD prevalence was 17 per 100,000 population (95% CI: 13–20), with higher rates in men [19 (14–25)] and in those over 60 [117 (89–145)]. PD accounted for 79% of cases. While 78% used pharmacotherapy, 70% faced moderate or severe difficulties accessing medication, and 35% of those who sought therapy reported facing barriers. Fifty-one percent experienced a significant life impact.

Findings reveal significant access challenges and rising MD burden, underscoring the need for early diagnosis, decentralized services, and public health system strengthening in LMICs.

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