# Quantum-enhanced reconfigurable in-memory stochastic computing

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum-enhanced in-memory computing system that uses correlated photons for secure and efficient computation.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is a reconfigurable quantum-enhanced in-memory computing system using room-temperature quantum memory and correlated photons.

## Key findings

- Addition and multiplication operations are achieved by accumulating photon counts in the quantum memory.
- Multiple computing tasks can be accelerated through parallel accumulation of photon counts.
- The system ensures secure remote computation due to the stochastic nature of the process.

## Abstract

In-memory computing, which enables computation directly within memory, represents an efficient approach to processing massively parallel computation tasks that are intractable for conventional computers. However, implementations of in-memory computing have been primarily limited to the classical regime, with its nonclassical counterpart yet to be fully explored. Quantum memory, with its unique capability to generate, preserve, and nontrivially operate on quantum states, offers spectacular quantum-enhanced advantages and is thus a promising candidate for in-memory computing. Here, leveraging a room-temperature quantum memory, we demonstrate a quantum-enhanced and reconfigurable in-memory stochastic computing system, where correlated photons, randomly produced in the quantum memory, serve as the computing resources. We show that addition and multiplication operations can be straightforwardly achieved by accumulating photon counts, and multiple computing tasks can be accelerated by mapping them into parallel accumulations of photon counts. Furthermore, the calculation results are obtained through stochastic processes, ensuring security in remote computation since no efficient information can be distinguished by eavesdropping on a small portion of the computation data. This in-memory computing system is enhanced by nonclassical correlations, which accelerate computing process and may stimulate future research and applications in the emerging field of quantum-enhanced computing architectures.

Quantum memory — with its unique ability to generate, preserve, and perform nontrivial operations on quantum states — provides powerful quantum-enhanced capabilities and is a promising platform for in-memory computing.